前列腺癌发生的分子基础.pdfVIP

中南大学学报（医学版） 2017, 42(5) J Cent South Univ (Med Sci) 581 DOI:10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2017.05.017 /xbwk/fileup/PDF/201705581.pdf 前列腺癌发生的分子基础 陈放知，赵晓昆 (中南大学湘雅二医院泌尿外科，长沙 410011) [摘要] 前列腺癌是男性最常见的泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤，去势治疗是其主要的初期治疗手段，但其中大部分患 者的肿瘤仍会复发、转移及进展成为去势抵抗性前列腺癌。肿瘤分子生物学研究揭示了较多前列腺癌发生及进展相 关的易感基因、抑瘤基因和癌基因及其变异，为优化前列腺癌的预防、诊断和治疗策略提供了依据。 [关键词] 前列腺癌；分子基础；易感基因；抑癌基因；癌基因 Molecular basis for prostate carcinogenesis CHEN Fangzhi, ZHAO Xiaokun (Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China) ABSTRACT Prostate cancer is the most prevalent male urogenital malignancy. Androgen deprivation therapy is the principal method for initial treatment for the patients, but the majority of them will eventually develop progressive disease, a status called castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. Lots of susceptibility genes, tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, and their variations relevant to the occurrence and development of prostate cancer have been revealed by the studies of molecular oncology. These findings on the molecular basis of prostate carcinogenesis will further improve the strategies on prevention, diagnosis and clinical management for prostate carcinoma. KEY WORDS prostate carcinoma; molecular basis; susceptibility gene; antioncogene; oncogene 前列腺癌是西方国家男性最常见的恶性肿瘤之 最终约 1/6患者死于肿瘤转移[4] ；在我国，随着人口 一，是西方男性最主要的致死性肿瘤[1] ，占西方男性 老龄化和环境及饮食结构的改变，前列腺癌已骤升 死因的 1%~2%[2] 。由于遗传背景、生活方式及环境因