英美文学史重要作家作品.doc

English Literature ——The beginning period of English literature Chaucer, the first important writer in English history Beowulf, the most impressive long poem in Old English, was created around A. D. 700; it is believed written by a Danish cleric. 14th C England, three major poets: Geoffrey Chaucer, William Langland, and the anonymous “Gawain-poet” Chaucer is the father of modern English poetry. His first major work: The Book of the Duchess his monumental success: The Canterbury Tales（砍特博雷故事集） William Langland, “Piers Plowman” Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, one of the most out standing poems in medieval English literature, was not focusing on real human life and character. ——The glory of poetry: From Sidney to Pope Five great poets: Shakespeare, Spenser, Sidney, Donne, Milton Philip Sidney(菲利普·西德尼), best represented the spirit of the Elizabeth Age. The famous words:” Thy need is greater than mine.” His major achievement as a poet: Astrophel and Stella Others: Defense of Poetry(诗辩), An Apology for Poetry Edmund Spencer(斯宾塞): The Faerie Queen(仙后), his great allegory The Shepheardes Calendar(牧羊人的日记) Amoretti(爱情小诗) Shakespeare: Sonnets --- represent the finest poetic craftsmanship of Elizabethan poetry. He was the most distinguished practitioner of the English sonnet during the Elizabethan Age. John Donne(多恩)---a metaphysical poet(玄学派); Holy Sonnets Other metaphysical poets of his time: George Herbert, Richard Crashaw, Henry Vaughan John Milton(弥尔顿): Paradise Lost is his masterpiece and one of the greatest poems in world literature. Paradise Regained, Samson Agonistes (drama) John Dryden(德莱顿) as a poet --- the neoclassicists(新古典主义) Alexander Pope(亚历山大·薄柏): He brought the heroic couplet His first important poem, An Essay on Criticism His most famous poem, The Rape of the Lock ——The golden age of English drama The Elizabethan Age is the age of sonnets, and the age of drama. Chr