可再生能源与新能源国际科技合作计划.docVIP

可再生能源与新能源 国际科技合作计划 可再生能源与新能源作为清洁、可持续利用的能 源,为解决人类未来能源供应问题提供了重要的途径和 手段。为提升可再生能源与新能源在中国和全球的发展 和应用技术水平,共同应对全球气候变化,节约能源资 源,实现经济社会可持续发展,建设和谐世界,加强中 国与世界各国在可再生能源与新能源方面的国际科技合 作,特制定“可再生能源与新能源国际科技合作计划” (以下简称“计划”。本计划所称可再生能源与新能 源主要包括太阳能、风能、生物质能、地热能、海洋能 以及氢能、天然气水合物等。 一、背景 当今社会主要依赖于传统的化石能源,全球总能耗 的74%来自煤炭、石油、天然气等矿物能源。化石能源 的应用推动了社会的发展,但资源却在日益耗尽。同时 化石能源的无节制使用,造成了严重的环境污染和气候 变化问题。世界各国纷纷把发展可再生能源与新能源作 为未来能源战略的重要组成部分,截止到目前,全球有 三十多个发达国家和十几个发展中国家制定了本国的可 再生能源发展目标。 各国都清楚地认识到,能源问题是一个全球性问 题,需要国际社会的共同努力。加强国际科技合作, 大力发展可再生能源与新能源,已经成为各国增加能源 供给,促进节能降耗,保障能源安全,减少温室气体排 放,发展低碳经济,实现经济与社会可持续发展的共同 选择。《京都议定书》的正式生效和清洁发展机制的提 出,为发展可再生能源与新能源,促进这一领域的国际 I. Background The current world is heavily dependent on fossil fuels which account for 74% of the global energy consumption in the form of coal, petroleum, natural gas, etc. Though providing momentum to social progress, such resources are on the verge of exhaustion and their excessive use has given rise to severe environmental pollution and climate change. Hence countries around the world have identified the development of new and renewable energy as an integral part of their future energy strategies. Up till now, over 30 developed countries and more than 10 developing countries have set national targets to develop renewable energy. It is widely acknowledged that the issue of energy concerns every country and calls for joint efforts of the international community. It is our common choice to intensify international ST cooperation and vigorously develop new and renewable energy so as to enhance energy supply, save energy and reduce consumption, safeguard energy security, cut down greenhouse gas emissions, foster the low-carbon economy, and ensure sustainable socio-economic development. The enforcement of the Kyoto Protocol and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM has substantially invigorated the international cooperation on new and renewable energy. With growing public understanding and acceptance of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(U