Character-文学原理教程课件.ppt

Character Characterization Kinds of Character Roles in the Novel 1. Hero / Heroine 主角 ---- The chief / central character of a literary work Degrees of Development Round Character 圆形人物 ---- The complex multidimensional character with the capacity to grow and change. Round Characterization A character who is complex and has many sides or traits with unpredictable behavior and a fully developed personality. Antagonists are usually a round characterization. Example: Like The Green Goblin (Norman Osborn) 另一类圆活人物，则企图表现人心的复杂多变，一如动态的塑造，不但免除僵化，令人厌烦之病，而且可以是应任何情节的应球，令人有新奇变化之感，甚至角色在小说中成长，有自主能力去改变结局似的，比方说红楼梦中的宝玉，在裙钗中翻滚，在大官园中流连，爱恨迭起，悲喜无常，最后以出家勘破，作为回归太虚的醒悟之途。 据Forster的说法，小说中的人物可分成扁平（Flat）人物与圆活人物（Round）。扁平人物有时又被称为类型（types）或漫画人物（caricatures)，通常是依循着一个单纯的理念或性质而被创造出来，所以又被归类为静态人物（static），故地展现一项性能特征，比较被动，对任何环境变迁，只是持着一种态度，这样的人物在求易认易记，比方说琼瑶小说（一般言情）中的男女主角似乎总是美丽、潇洒，多情易感，任凭时移境迁，此爱不渝。而鲁迅阿Q正传中的阿Q由于遭遇任何困厄、皆以精神胜利法泰然处之，似乎也是平面人物常用以做讽刺性描述的代表。 Flat Characterization A character who has one or two sides, representing one or two traits—often a stereotype. Flat characters help move the plot along more quickly because the audience immediately understands what the character is about. Example: Like a geeky science professor Dynamic Characterization A character who experiences an essential change in personality or attitude. Protagonists are almost always dynamic. Example: Stitch, from Lilo and Stitch Static Characterization A character who does not change or develop beyond the way in which she or he is first presented. Example: Atticus Finch from To Kill a Mockingbird. Characterization 人物塑造 ---- The process by which an author creates, develops, and presents a character. Characterization How a writer reveals a