高考英语（艺体生文化课）语法讲解篇2.3高中英语常用语法—定语从句课件.pptVIP

高三英语总复习基础部分——语法讲解篇;2.3　高中英语常用语法——定语从句;二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 2.whom 指人,在定语从句中作宾语,常可省略。 The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come. The man (whom/who) you met just now is my old friend. 注意:关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替,也可省略。 3.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。 The company which makes computers is far away from here. The film (which) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.;4.that指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia. 5.whose通常指人,也可指物,多指代所属关系,常翻译为“……的”,在定语从句中作定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 6.as通常引导非限制性定语从句,意义上等同于which引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词通常为一件事情,但as的位置相当灵活,可放句首、句中和句末,而which只能放在先行词之后。 As is known to all,China is a developing country. He is from the south,as we can know from his accent. John,as you know,is a famous writer.;注意:虽然that在引导定语从句时常常可以和which,who互换,但是在限制性定语从句中某些情况下只能使用that。 (1)当先行词是everything,anything,nothing(something除外), all,none,few,little,some等不定代词时,或当先行词被every,any,all, some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时。如: Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. All that can be done has been done. (2)当先行词被序数词修饰时。如: The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. (3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如: This is the best film that I have ever seen.;(4)当先行词被the very,the only修饰时。如: This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. After the fire in his house,the old car is the only thing that he owns. (5)当先??词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。如: Who is the man that is standing by the gate? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? (6)当先行词为人和物时。如: They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school. Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up