中国科举制度-英文介绍.pptVIP

The Imperial Examination System 中国科举制度 Imperial Examination System 科举考试制度 After the Sui Dynasty, these private and official schools had gradually deteriorated (衰败) into a dependency on the imperial examination system (科举考试制度), through which officials were selected. 隋朝以后，国家逐渐确立以科举考试选拔官员，私学开始衰败，调整为以应举（科举考试）为目的。 Origin To replace the Nine Rank Judging System (九品中正制） To select real talents Emperor Taizong Emperor Xuanzong Emperor Yang of Sui The Great Learning The Doctrine of the Mean The Analects of Confucius Mencius The Four BookS the Five Classics The Book of Songs The Spring and Autumn The Book of History The Book of Changes The Book of Rites Eight – legged essay Opening 破题 → → → → → → → Amplification 承题 Preliminary exposition 起讲 Initial argument 起股 Central argument 中股 Latter argument 后股 Final argument 束股 Conclusion 大结 The Academy Examination 会试 The Palace Examination殿试 The Provincial Examination 省试 The County Examination 乡试 Tongsheng 童生 Xiucai 秀才 Juren 举人 Gongshi 贡士 Jinshi 进士 Levels Jinshi 进士 Jinshi进士 Bangyan 榜眼 Tanhua探花 Zhuangyuan 状元 科举影响 积极方面 消极方面 Influence Advantages To the government To the administrative officials To the grassroots Disadvantages Imprison people’ thoughts 十年寒窗无人问， Ten—year hard study by the window, industrious! 一举成名天下知。 One—day success known to the world, glorious!