词汇与语法部分.ppt

3. 在“one of + 复数名词+定语从句”的结构中，定语从句一般修饰复数名词，所以该从句的谓语动词要用复数。如： This is one of the longest rivers that have ever been seen. 这是曾见过的最长的河流之一。 He is one of my friends who are lawyers. 我是我当律师的朋友中的一个。 * 4. 由合成代词some (any, no, every) + thing (body, one) 作主语，由代词each, every one, no one, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，以及由限定词either, neither, each, every, many a, more than one 等+名词作主语时，谓语动词均用单数形式。如： Noboday knows how many stars there are in the sky. 谁都不知道天上有多少星星。 Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不对。 * 5. 某些连词连接的名词或代词作主语：根据毗邻一致的原则，与邻近的主语一致。这类连词包括or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also等。如： Neither I nor she was awarded the prize. 我和她都没有获奖。 在there be 存在句中，多数情况下也可根据毗邻一致的原则来决定谓语动词用单数还是复数。如： There are three patients in the waiting room. 候诊室里有三个病人。 There is a doctor and two nurses in the clinic. 诊所里有一个医生和两个护士。 * 综合实例分析 1. You ought _____ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday.　　　 A. to report 　　　 B. to have reported 　　　 C. to reporting 　　　 D. have reported答案：B。本句测试情态动词ought to＋完成时，表示应当做的事情而没有做。本句的意思是：“前天你应当向经理汇报这件事情。”因此B为正确答案。 * 综合实例分析 2. We look forward to _____ to the opening ceremony.　　　 A. invite 　　　 B. be invited 　　　 C. having been invited 　　　 D. being invited　　答案：D。look forward to短语中的to是介词，因此其后要接动名词做宾语，又根据题意，要用动名词的被动。本句的意思是：“我们都盼望着能被邀请参加开幕式。 * 综合实例分析 3. I will never forget the ten years _____ we both spent in the little village.　　　 A. when 　　　 B. during which　　　 C. which 　　　 D. in which　　答案：C。该题是定语从句。关系代词which在定语从句中做动词spent的宾语。 * 综合实例分析 4. Not until most of the people had left the airport _____ his sister was there.　　　 A. that he saw 　　　 B. had he seen　　　 C. did he see　　　 D. that he had seen 　　答案：C。not until 放在句首，句子倒装。又如：Not until he finished his homework did Li Ming watch TV.李明做完作业后才看电视。 * 综合实例分析 5. It is because she is very devoted to her students _____ she is respected by them. 　　　 A. that 　　　 B. which　　　 C. what 　　　 D. who　　答案：A。本句为强调句型。It is(was)…that/who；who（只能强调人）；that（可强调人和物）因为本句是强调原因，所以只能选择A。又如：It is tomorrow that they wil