初中英语宾语从句讲解.pdf

宾语从句 一、定义 :宾语从句是在复合句中起宾语作用的从句。根据引导词的不同，宾语 从句又可分为：以从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句、已从属连词 whether 或 if 引 导的宾语从句、以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。 1、that 引导的宾语从句 由 that 引导的宾语从句大多由陈述句充当。从属连词 that 无实际意义，不在 从句中作任何成分， 此时从句的成分齐全， 句意明确，在口语和非正式文体中 that 可以省略。 I ’m extremely sorry that I have lost your book. We’reall pleased that we have once again overcome the difficulty. Do you think (that) it will rain? We know (that) we should study hard. 2、whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句 Whether/if 引导的从句可视为直接引语为一般疑问句转变为间接引语而成，其 语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序，从句前加上连词 whether 或 if 。 (1) 可用 whether/if 的情况 通常 whether/if 引导动词后的宾语从句时可通用。 I don ’t know whether/if he ’ll arrive in time. I am wondering whether/if they would believe in me. I asked him whether/if he had finished all his homework. (2) 只能用 whether，不能用 if 的情况 A 、引导介词的宾语从句时 I ’m thinking of whether we should go shopping. I ’m not interested in whether she ’ll be invited. B、与 or not 直接连用时 I can ’t say whether or not he will come on time. I don ’t know whether or not they will come to help us. I wonder whether or not we should make it clear that we ’ve lost this game. C、宾语从句提前时 Whether they will join in the Winter Camp I don ’t care. 3、连接代词引导的宾语从句 宾语从句可由连接代词 what,who,whom,whose,which 等引导，它们在宾语从句 中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语等，因此不能省略。 Do you know who will teach us English term?(作主语） Did you hear what she said?（作宾语） I don ’t know whose thefootball is. （作表语） Could you tell me which book is better?(作定语） 4、连接副词引导的宾语从句 宾语从句可由连接副词 when,where, how,why 及 “how+形容词 /副词 ”短语等引 导，它们在宾语从句中作状语等，不可省略。 We didn ’t know when you usually go to school. 1 I want to know where he bought this cup. Can you tell me how I get to the bus station? Please explain why you were late for class again. “How+形容词 /副词 ”短语主要有 how old,how many, how muc