E第1章 电力电子器件概述2.pptVIP

1.3 Half-controlled device—Thyristor Another name: SCR—silicon controlled rectifier（晶体闸流管半控型器件，可控硅整流器） Thyristor opened the power electronics era – 1956, invention, Bell Laboratories – 1957, development of the 1st product, GE – 1958, 1st commercialized product, GE – Thyristor replaced vacuum devices in almost every power　processing area. Still in use in high power situation. Thyristor still has the highest power-handling capability.（能承受的电压和电流容量最高，工作可靠，在大容量的场合具有重要地位） Appearance and symbol of thyristor Static静态 characteristics of thyristor Blocking when reverse biased, no matter if there is gate current applied 当反向偏置为阻断状态，不管门极是否施加触发电流，也不开通 Conducting only when forward biased and there is triggering current applied to the gate. Once triggered on, will be latched on 仅仅1、当正向偏置，2、门极施加触发电流 管子导通 一旦导通之后 持续导通状态 Conducting even when the gate current is no longer applied 导通之后 门极触发电流撤销仍旧导通 Turning off: decreasing current to be near zero with the effect of external power circuit 通过外电路 把流过晶闸管的电流减小 接近维持电流以下 晶闸管视为关断 Static characteristics of thyristor （1）Forward Conducting When IG=0，if the anode voltage is made positive with respect to the cathode, only a small forward leakage current flows through the device, then SCR is said to be in the forward blocking, or off- state. 1 With the increasing of the amplitude of gate current，the forward break-over voltage decreases. 2 The voltage drop is small, typically, about 1V. Static characteristics of thyristor (2)Reverse blocking Similar to that of diode. In reverse blocking state, only very small reverse leakage current flows the device. When the reverse voltage reaches the reverse breakdown voltage, the device will be in the thermal deterioration. 1 Structure and equivalent circuit of thyristor Physics of thyristor operation After Triggering, Regenerative effect or Positive feedback Can not be turned off by control signal Half-controllable Quantitative description of thyristor operation Other methods to trigger thyristor on H