数字设计基础双语课件（第1章）.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 1. Digital systems representation 1.1 Digital systems 1.2 Numbers representation 1.3 Performing arithmetic with binary numbers 1.4 Representation of alphanumeric symbols * 1.1 Digital Systems 1. The realm of digital systems A digital system is often designed to satisfy two kinds of tasks: （1）To control apparatus （2）To perform calculations A digital system can perform some calculations and on the basis of the result, take certain control actions. * 1.1 Digital Systems 2. Two-valued logic signals The input and output signals have only two values. Hence, the digital systems might use 5 volts and 0 volts to represent the two values. 3. Positive and negative logic representation （1）Positive logic representation The higher voltage represents a logic 1, and the lower voltage represents a logic 0. * 1.1 Digital Systems （2）Negative logic representation The higher voltage represents a logic 0, and the lower voltage represents a logic 1. （3）Mixed logic representation Using both positive and negative representations in the same system. * 1.1 Digital Systems 4. Logic functions In order to develop the algorithm or logic function for a digital system, logic signals must be represented by names as in algebra. Logic function can be written in a two-valued algebra called Boolean algebra. 5. Three fundamental logic operations AND, OR, and NOT are three fundamental logic operations, from which any complicated logic function can be created. * 1.2 Numbers Representation 1. Decimal numbers Decimal number system has ten digits 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9. It is a positional number system, which uses digits multiplied by powers of 10 that depend upon the position of the digit. 10 is the base of the number system. (235)10 = 2?102+ 3?101+ 5?100 Ten different voltages are needed for each possible value of the digit in the decimal number system. Then electronic circuits will have to be designed which can accept ten