最新最全本科段英语词汇学考试学习复习重点.pdf

最新最全本科段英语词汇学考试学习复习重点 V2 最新最全本科段英语词汇学考试学习复习重点 V2 《英语词汇学》复习资料第一章 1.2. 15% 3.4. 20% 5.6. 25% 7. 10% 8. 10% 9. 15% 10. 5% 第一章 Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabulary 1. Word —— A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. 2. There is no logical relationship between sound and meaning as the symbolic connection between them is arbitrary and conventional. E.g. ―woman ‖ means ，’’FrauFemme’ in German’ in French and ’ Funv ’ in Chinese. On the other hand ， the same sound /rait/ can mean right ， rite and write ， though denoting different things ， yet have the same sound. 3. The difference between sound and form result from 4 major factors. （At least 80%of the English words fit consistent spelling patterns ） a）. the internal reason is English alphabet does not have a separate letter to represent each sound in the language. b ）. Pronunciation has changed more rapidly than spelling c ）. Influence of the work of scribes/printing freezes the spelling of words in 1500 d ）. Borrowing of foreign language 4. Vocabulary —— Vocabulary is most commonly used to refer to the sum total of all the words of a language. It can also refer to all the words of a given dialect ， a given book ， a given subject and all the words possessedby an individual person as well as all the words current in a particular period of time in history. The general estimate of the present day English vocabulary is over 1 million words. 5.Classification of Words — by use frequency ， by notion ， by origin 1）. Basic word stock– the foundation of the vocabulary. 1. all national character （most important ） – natural phenomena most com