美国文学简史复习资料.docxVIP

美国文学简史复习资料 美国文学简史 复习资料 美国文学简史复习资料 2016 年12月23日 目录 殖民时期及十八世纪美国文学 美国浪漫主义早期 新英格兰超验主义 美国浪漫主义后期 美国现实主义文学 美国乡土文学 美国现代诗歌 美国现代小说 美国南方文学 美国现代戏剧 美国黑人文学 美国文学简史复习资料 美国华裔文学 美国文学简史复习资料 殖民时期及十八世纪美国文学 New England ：Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut, named by Captain John Smith Puritanism Doctrines of Puritanism ： predestination（命运神定 ), original sin, total depravity ( 彻底的堕落 ), and limited atonement ( 有限的赎罪 )from God ’ s grace Puritans left Europe for America in order to prove that they were God ’s chosen people who would enjoy God ’ s blessings on earth and in Heaven. They felt that they were exiles under the special grace of God to establish a theocracy in the New World. Style of writing ： the style is fresh, simple and direct; the rhetoric is plain and honest ； a touch of nobility often traceable to the direct influence of the Bible Puritans’ way of Life ： hard work, thrift, piety, and sobriety. In Hawthorne ’s The Scarlet Letter there is a good description of the Puritans ’ life. Main writers William Bradford Of Plymouth Plantation 普利茅斯垦殖记 Thomas Paine Common Sense 常识； American Crisis 美国危机； The Rights of Man 人权； The Age of Reason 理性时代 Philip Freneau The Rising Glory of America 蒸蒸日上的美洲； The Wild Honeysuckle 野金银花 Benjamin Franklin Autobiography 富兰克林自传 Thomas Jefferson Draft the Declaration of Independence. - 1 - 美国文学简史复习资料 美国浪漫主义早期 Romanticism Background of Romanticism ：Economic boom and national optimism ；Favorable literary milieu: increasing number of magazines ； Foreign influences: the Romantic Movement in Europe. Characteristics of Romanticism ： A rebellion against the objectivity of rationalism. Feelings, intuitions and emotions were more important for romantics than reason and common sense. An emphasis on individualism; placing the individual against the group, against authority. Stress on the close relationship between man and nature. Fascination with the wild, the irregular, the indefinite, the remote, the mysterious, and