“还”与“再”的比较研究.docVIP

.. .. .. .专业资料. .. .. .. .专业资料. “还”与“再”的比较研究 【摘要】副词“还”与“再”义项复杂，同时在表示“重复持续”义上又十分相似，在对外汉语教学中，汉语学习者很容易混淆这两个副词。为了进一步区分二者在意义上和使用上的异同点，此篇文章建立在三个平面理论的基础上，也就是从句法、语义、语用这三大方面一一对副词“还”与“再”进行较为详细的研究和比较。句法上从这两个副词与“否定词、形容词、助动词”等方面分析比较；语义上通过这两个副词本身的意义以及表示的主客观情绪入手；语用方面主要从出现的语境和句类来分析，通过大量的语料举例以及对比分析，比较清晰地总结出了这两个副词在使用上的异同点，以期对汉语学习者有所帮助。 【关键词】副词；“还”；“再”；三个平面；句法比较；语义比较；语用比较 Comparative Research on Adverb hai(还) and zai（再） Abstract： The meaning of adverb hai(还) and zai(再) is very complex. At the same time, when they mean repeated and continues, they seems so similar. When we teach Chinese as a foreign language, there are so many foreigners who can not distinguish hai(还) and zai(再). Because of that, we use the theory “three levels” that is to say syntactic, semantic and pragmatic to research these two adverbs. We analyze them in the part of syntax when using with the negative term, the adjective, the auxiliary verb and so on. In the semantics side, the contrast is through these two adverbs significance as well as speakers subjective and objective mood. At last, about the pragmatic, we can put them in different linguistic environment and sentence. In that research we use a lot of comparison and a large of examples, and we hope it will be helpful for those foreigners who want to learn Chinese. Key words: Adverb hai(还) za i(再) theory of “three levels” syntactic semantic pragmatic 目 录 摘 要………………………………………………………………………………………i 关键词 ……………………………………………………………………………………i Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………ii Keywords …………………………………………………………………………………ii 引言 …………………………………………………………………………………1 副词“还”与“再”的句法比较……………………………………………………2 “还”与“再”和否定成分搭配…………………………………………………3 “还”与“再”与形容词的搭配表现……………………………………………3 “还”与“再”对助动词的选择与搭配…………………………………………4 一些固定格式的搭配………………………………………………………………6 二、副词“还”与“再”的语义比较……………………………………………………6 （一）动作行为的主客观要求……………………………………………………………6 （二）有界与无界…………………………………………………………………………7 三、副词“还”与“再”的语用比较……………………………………………………7 （一）对句类的选择……………………………………