Cell Staining Protocol 细胞染色介绍.pdfVIP

Cell Staining Introduction Visualization of a cell with fluorescent compounds provides a important role in oxidative metabolism by generating ATP as wide variety of information for the analysis of cell functions. an energy soruce. The average number of mitochondria per Various activities and structures of a cell can be targeted for cell is from 100 to 2,000. Though the typical size is about 0.5- staining with fluorescent compounds (Fig. 16). The most mm, the shape, abundance, and location of mitochondria commonly stained cell components are cell membranes , vary by cell type, cell cycle, and cell viability. Therefore, proteins, and nucleotides. Small neutral molecules and visualization of mitochondra is important. Since mitochondria positively charged molecules can pass through viable cell have electron transport systems, they can be stained with membranes and remain inside of cells, depending on their various redox dyes. MitoRed and Rh123 readily pass through reactivity or hydrophilicity. Negatively charged molecules cell membranes and accumulate in mitochondria. The cannot pass through viable cell membranes. Positively fluorescence intensity of Rh123 reflects the amount of ATP charged molecules are usually cell membrane permeable generated in mitochondria. and accumulate in the mitochondria. Ester is a suitable functional group for staining viable cells because it can pass Nucleus Staining through viable cell membranes, where it is hydrolyzed by Fluorescent dyes with aromatic amino or guanidine groups, cellular esterases into a negatively charged molecule under such as propidium iodide (PI), ethidium bromide (EB), physiological conditions. Several fluorescein analogs with