基于嵌入式系统的倒车雷达设计.docx

23 - 摘 要 由于超声波指向性强，能量消耗缓慢，在介质中传播的距离较远，因而超声波经常被用于距离的测量，如测距仪和物位测量仪等。超声波测距系统，可以应用于汽车倒车、建筑施工工地等位置监控，也可用于液位、井深、管道长度的测量等场合。利用超声波检测的优势是比较迅速、方便、易于做到实时控制，并且在测量精度方面能达到工业实用的要求。 本文介绍了一种基于STC89C52单片机的超声波测距系统，阐述了超声波测距系统的硬件电路部分的构成、软件设计思路及工作原理。硬件部分采用STC89C52 单片机作为主控单片机，硬件电路主要由发射电路、接收电路、显示电路、报警电路等几部分组成；软件部分由主程序、显示子程序、超声波发射子程序、延迟子程序、计算子程序、报警程序等组成。该电路具有结构简单、操作方便、精度较高、应用广泛的特点。 关键词：超声波；测距系统；单片机 Abstract Because of the strong point of ultrasonic energy consumption slow, medium of communication in the longer distance, thus frequently used ultrasonic distance measurement, such as the range finder and level measurement and so on can be achieved by ultrasound. Ultrasonic Ranging System, can be used in car reversing, the construction site and the location of some industrial site monitoring, can also be used if the level, depth and length of the pipeline, such as measurement occasions. Use of ultrasonic testing is often more rapid, convenient and simple terms, easy to achieve real-time control, and measurement accuracy can meet the practical requirements of industry. The paper describes an ultrasonic measuring system based on the STC89C52, it described an ultrasonic measuring system hardware circuit structure, working principle and software design methods. Hardware using STC89C52 microcontroller as a master MCU, the hardware circuit part includes main transmitter, receiver circuit, display circuit, warning circuit and so on. The software part includes the main program, display subroutine, ultrasonic transmitter subroutine, delay subroutine, calculation subroutine and alarm program. The system Circuits were simply structure, easy to use, high accuracy and wide application. Key Words：Ultrasonic wave；Ranging System；MCU HYPERLINK 摘 要 I HYPERLINK Abstract II HYPERLINK 第1章 绪论 1 HYPERLINK 1.1 测量距离的意义 1 HYPERLINK 1.2 基于单片机的超声波测距系统 1 HYPERLINK 1.2.1 单片机概述 1 HYPERLINK 1.2.2 单片机的发展趋势 2 HYPERLINK 1.2.3 基于单片机的超声波测距系统的优点与缺陷 2 HYPERLINK 1.2.4 超声波测距原理 3 HYPERLINK 1.3设计内容 3 HYPERLIN