国际经济学第章,李嘉图模型The Ricardian Model.pptVIP

Relative Supply and Relative Demand When a*LC /a*LW Pc /PW aLC /aLW , domestic workers specialize in cheese production because they can earn higher wages, but foreign workers will still produce only wine. When a*LC /a*LW = PC / PW, foreign workers will be indifferent between producing wine or cheese, but domestic workers will still produce only cheese. There is no supply of wine if the relative price of cheese rises above a*LC /a*LW 3 RD’’ A B import export export A import B export A* import B* A B import export 问题 假设某一国家拥有 20000 单位的劳动，X、Y 产品的单位产出所要求的劳动投入分别为 5 个单位和 4 个单位，试确定生产可能性边界方程。如果 X 的国际相对价格为 2，该国的进口数量为 2000 个单位，试确定该国的出口量，并在图中画出贸易三角形。 四、贸易所得 间接生产的影响 (indirect method of production) （1／aLC）*（Pc／Pw）＞1／aLW 或 PC / PW＞ aLC / aLW 贸易对消费可能性的影响 (consumption possibilities) 四、贸易所得 具体数例 相关论点 只有当一个国家的生产率达到足以在国际竞争中立足的水平时，它才能从自由贸易中获益。 Problems 1. Home has 1200 units of labor available. It can produce two goods, apples and bananas. The unit labor requirement in apple production is 3, while in banana production it is 2. There is now also another country, Foreign, with a labor force of 800. Foreigns unit labor requirement in apple production is 5, while in banana production it is 1. a. Graph Foreigns production possibility frontier. b. Construct the world relative supply curve. Problems 2. Now suppose world relative demand takes the following form: Demand for apples / demand for bananas = price of bananas / price of apples a. Graph the relative demand curve along with the relative supply curve. b. What is the equilibrium relative price of apples? c. Describe the pattern of trade. d. Show that both Home and Foreign gain from trade. 第三章李嘉图模型The Ricardian Model 内容： 关于比较优势理论 单一要素经济 单一要素世界中的贸易 贸易所得 多种产品模型中的比较优势 比较优势理论的局限性 对比较优势理论的实证分析 问题： 鲁宾逊每小时可以摘 10 个椰子或捕 3 条鱼，他的朋友星期五每小时可摘 30 个椰子或捕 2 条鱼。他们应给如何分工呢？ 如果鲁宾逊每小时只能摘 10 个椰子或捕 1 条鱼，他们又该如何分工呢？ 一、关于比较优势理论 David Ricardo 大卫 ? 李嘉图 Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817) 一、关于比较优势理论 比较优势 comparati