临床输血学实验.pptx

Testing Specimen Requirement2ml EDTA whole blood Fill in the tube label(s) with name 临床输血学实验Transfusion Medicine(blood transfusion laboratories)上海市第六人民医院Shanghai Sixth People Hospital 输血科Transfusion DepartmentHistoryAncient times敬畏血液-生命的源泉-饮血疗法The period 1500-1800 治疗精神病 血液有毒 放血疗法-人体血液循环，为输血奠定基础-血液的携氧功能，合理治疗手段The discovery of blood groups 血型之父--Landsteiner人类血型的发现，为安全输血提供重要保证。而且，在遗传学、人类学、法医学、免疫学、部分疾病的发病机制探讨上也具有重要意义。While blood cell antigens:Red cell antigensHLA antigensGranulocytes-specific antigensPlatelets（22）Part oneRed blood cell group目的要求： 掌握ABO血型的鉴定 熟悉Rh血型的鉴定 ABO SYSTEMPrinciple of procedure红细胞上具有A抗原者为A型- Red blood cells possess A blood group antigens有B抗原者为B型- Red blood cells possess B blood group antigensA和B抗原都没有者为O型- Red blood cells lack A and B blood group antigensA和B抗原都有者为AB型- Red blood cells possess A and B blood group antigensRh SYSTEMThe most complex in the red cells antigenIndividuals who possess the D antigen are Rh positive, who lack it are Rh negative.The D antigen is capable of stimulating production of Anti-D in persons lacking the D antigen. Anti-D is a clinically significant antibody capable of causing RBC destruction and may result in hemolytic disease of the newborn and transfusion reaction. 已发现的抗原40多个。涉及临床主要是5个抗原：C、c、D、E、e及其相应的特异性抗体。Four other antigens(C、c、E、e) account for almost all of the Rh-related transfusion problems. They are less antigenic than D, and/or the antibodies are less clinically dangerous.But they can cause the transfusion reaction.Materials RequiredCentrifuge0.9% salinepipetterreagents:The monoclonal antibody(IgM) include Anti-A、 Anti-B 、 Anti-D 5% Standard RBC-AffirmagenMethodsSolid phase adherence testTube testGel testManualSemi-automated systemAutomated systemPROCEDURESpecimen collection and preparationRed blood cell suspensions(4%RBC) can be prepared using the following combinations of saline and packed red blood cells:Saline Volume---2mlPacked RBC Volume---100ul被检者RBC用生理盐水配成2-5%悬液待用(2ml 0.9% NS +100ul 压积红细胞）TEST