偏置型抽油机设计毕业论文.doc

第页（共49页） 题目：偏置型抽油机设计 摘 要 随着工业化与城市化脚步的加快，能耗问题日益凸显，尤其是石油行业，因此节能降耗成为了各行各业所关心的话题。当前，传统的常规游梁式抽油机凭借其简单的四连杆机构、方便的安装与维修以及较低廉的成本仍然是各大油田的主流机型，占有非常重要的地位，但是其在运行过程中平衡效果比较差，电机平均负载率较低，能耗问题比较明显。因此发展新型的节能型抽油机是今后采油工业的首要任务。抽油机是构成采油设备重要组成部分。在抽油机驱动下，带动其它设备运转，实现油井的机械式开采。本文分析了游梁式抽油机实际使用存在高能耗、低效率的问题和各种新型节能抽油机的研究现状。通过与现役主要类型抽油机的结构方案对比分析，对新型传动抽油机进行结构方案设计，确定了新型传动抽油机的结构方案，解决了游梁式抽油机高能耗、低产出等缺点。偏置型抽油机是在常规型抽油机基础上发展的，通过对曲柄的改造和尺寸的优化获得。本文介绍了偏置型抽油机工作原理、节能原理以及设计过程。首先，根据已知的参数，对抽油机的连杆机构在几何、运动、和动力学进行了系列的分析与计算，阐述了这种设备的运动规律。其次、对抽油机进行了工艺参数计算和主要部件材料的强度校核分析，及对配套设备，如电动机、减速器的分析与选用，说明了该型设备在性能方面同其它种类设备的差异。最后，进行工况分析和结构草图设计。 关键词：偏置型抽油机；曲柄；强度；特性 Title：Design of API Series Pumping Unit Abstract With the accelerated pace of industrialization and urbanization．energy issues become increasingly prominent，especially in the oil industry,SO energy saving has become a topic of concern in all walks of life．Currently,traditional pumping unit is still the mainstream oil extraction equipment and occupies a very important position because of its simple structure，convenient maintenance and low cost．But during operation，poor balance，low load rate and energy consumption is a serious problem．Therefore，the development of energy-saving pumping uint is the primary task of the oil industry in the future．The pumping units are one of important parts in exploitation equipments。Driving by the pumping units, the other equipments are running in order to achieve the mechanized exploitation of the oil well.The paper analyzes the problems of low efficiency and high energy consumption of beam pumping unit and the research status of new type energy-saving pumping unit. Through comparative analysis with the structural scheme of the active main types of pumping units and making structural design of new transmission pumping unit, determines the structure program of the new transmission pumping unit and solve the shortcomings of energy consumption and low efficiency of the beam pumping unit.The unusual sharp beam-pumping unit is developed from the c