定语从句(关系副词+介词+which whom)教师版.doc

定语从句 （教师版） 关系副词when, where, why 介词+whom/which引导的定语从句 一、基本概念 1. 定语从句除可用关系代词引导外，还可用关系副词when_, _where__与why来引导。 2. 它们的区别是：when用于指时间_，相当于in/ at/ on/ during which, where用于指地点 ，相当于in/ at/ from which, why用于指原因, 相当于for which。 3. 关系副词在定语从句中代替先行词作状_语，不可省略，有时可以用介词+which 代替。 二、基本用法 1. 关系副词when关系副词和where的先行词是表示时间(如the day(s), the time, the year等)和地点(如the place, the house, the factory, the station等)的一类词，而关系副词why的先行词通常只是for the reason(s)。另外，when 和where 可引导限制性和非限制性定语从句，而why _则只用于引导限制性定语从句，不用于引导非限制性定语从句。 ★ 用适当的关系副词填空 ① I will remember the day when I left my hometown forever. (作时间状语=on which) ② This is the place where he works. (作地点_状语= in which_) ③ He told me the reason why he was late again. (作原因 状语= for which ) 2. 注意不要以为在时间名词后就一定用关系副词when,在地点名词后就一定用关系副词 where,在表示原因的the reason后就一定用关系副词why。到底选用关系副词还是关系代词,关键是看它们在定语从句中是用作状语(用关系副词 )还是用作主语或宾语(用关系代词 )。英语中的关系副词主要是 when, where, why三个。不要想当然地将how用作关系副词修饰the way。如不说 This is the way how he spoke，可改为This is how he spoke(how引导的是表语从句)，当然也可说成 This is the way in which he spoke. ★用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空 ① Don’t forget the time that/ which I’ve told you. 不要忘记我告诉你的时间。 ② I’ll never forget the days when/ in which I worked with you. 我永远不会忘记我与你共事的日子。 ③ He works in a factory that/ which makes radio parts. 他在一家造无线电零件的工厂工作。 ④ He works in the factory where his father worked. 他在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。 ⑤ That’s the reason that/ which he explained to us. 那就是他向我们解释的理由。 ⑥ That’s the reason why she left home. 那就是她离家出走的原因。 3. 介词+关系代词的用法?? 在定语从句中，当关系代词作动词短语或介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系更加紧凑，可以将定语从句中的介词或动词短语中的介词提前放在关系代词前面。“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句, 关系代词只能用which 和whom , 且_不_省略。介词主要根据三个方面来选择: 一是先行词与介词的搭配; 二是定语从句中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配; 三是根据“介词+关系代词”在从句中的作用及意义。 ★ 试一试 ① Do you know the man (who/whom/that) Mr. Black talked with just now? =Do?you?know?the?man?with whom ?Mr.?Black?talked?just?now?② He is the man (who/whom/that) we are proud of. =He?is?the?man?of whom _we?are?proud.三、在使用“介词+关系代词”结构时要注意以下几个问题：1. 介词的确定应依据定语从句中动词短语的习惯性搭配或介词与先行词的搭配，如： Who?is?the?girl?with?whom?you?just?shook?hands?