过去分词作定语和表语grammar.pptxVIP

The Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative 过去分词作定语和表语 ; a lighted candle;a broken coin;an injured finger;;-- Look at the excited boy! Why is he so happy? -- He has got the first prize in the contest. -- No wonder he is excited!;单个过去分词或由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰的名词之前；当修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词之后。 表示被动或完成意义。;例如： 1) an honored guest a retired teacher 2) Everybody invited is expected to arrive at least 15 minutes early. 3) The Great Wall is a well-known tourist attraction;2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 例如： For breakfast he only drinks juice from the fresh fruit ___ on his own farm. A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow 分析：grown on his farm 相当于限定性定语从句 which/ that are grown on his own farm ; The disc, digitally ___ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 分析： digitally recorded in the studio 相当于非限定性定语从句 which is digitally recorded in the studio;e.g. The books written by Lu Xun are popular． We’ll go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago． With the government’s aid, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. ;3. 一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式。由于不及物动词不可以直接加宾语，所以其过去分词作定语时只表示完成，没有被动意义。 例如： fallen leaves the risen sun the advanced countries a retired teacher newly-arrived goods ; 动词-ed形式作定语 和 动词-ing形式作定语 有什么区别呢？ ;1）语态不同 -ing表主动、进行；-ed表被动、完成;; 2）时间关系不同 -ing 表示“正在 进行”或“与谓语动词同时进行”或“经常性”。 -ed 表示动作先于谓语动词表示的动作。; 3）及物动词的过去分词与现在分词的被动式都可表示被动, 但-ed表示一个完成了的动作, 而being done多表示一个正在进行的动作。;The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing;简析: 首先, 根据语法分析可知, 待选部分是一个作定语、修饰 The Olympic Games的后置分词短语; 再根据 The Olympic Games 对于动词 play 来说只能是被动承受, 且已完成 (i