【课件】13棘皮动物门-半索动物门.pptVIP

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【课件】13棘皮动物门-半索动物门.ppt

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Class Holothuroidea 海参纲 ? about 1500 species ? 10-30 cm ? without arm, with elongated body along the oral-aboral axis secondary bilateral symmetry ? lacking spines, ossicles are microscopic and embedded in the dermsi 真皮 ? tube feet surrounding the mouth are modified, referred to as tentacles 海参纲：长筒形，无腕足，骨板微小，肌肉发达 Class Crinoidea 海百合纲 ? about 630 species ? attach permanently to the substrate by a stalk ? swim or crawl in the substrate 海百合纲：体杯状，5腕足，羽状分枝，海百合 ? Phylum Hemichordata 半索动物门 ? Deuterostomate animals ? Pharyngeal slits: at the anterior region of digestive tract, filtering, respiratory organ ? Dorsal nerve cord，tubular at its anterior end 背神经管的雏形 ? Open circulatory system ? Complete digestive tract ? Body divided into three regions: proboscis, collar, and trunk ? Buccal diverticulum / stomochord, a blind tube located at dorsal oral cavity, typical of the taxa Open circulatory system Structure ? One dorsal vessel ? One ventral vessel ? Branches from these vessels lead to open sinuses Functions ? Distribution of nutrients ? Gas exchange by blood through pharyngeal slits ? Metabolic wastes (ammonia) by blood through pores in the body wall Blood: colorless Additionally， Gas exchange and metabolic wastes release by diffusion across body wall Reproduction and development ? Dioecious ? External fertilization ? Ciliated larvae swim in for some days Similar to echinoderm larvae Class Enteropneusta 肠鳃纲 ? About 70 species? ? 10-40 cm, a few 5 m ? Living in U-shaped burrows ? The number of pharyngeal slits: a few to several hundred ? Nervous system: ectodermal in origin Class Pterobranchia 羽鳃纲 ? About 20 species? ? 0.1- 5 mm ? Living in secreted tubes in asexually produced colonies THANKS 以后每次周二的课都在408教室 Phylum Echinodermata ? 棘皮动物门 ? Lower triploblastic animals Echinoderms Hemichordates Chordates Spiral cleavage Radial cleavage Radial cleavage Radial cleavage Gastrula forms by invagination 内陷法 Gastrula forms by invagination 内陷法 Gastrula forms by invagination 内陷法