英美文学选读复习要点中英文对照.pdfVIP

英美文学选读复习要点中英文对照 Part one: English Literature Chapter1 The Renaissance period （14 世纪至十七世纪中叶）文艺复兴 1. Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. 人文主义是文艺复兴的核 心。 2. the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception th at man is the measure of all things. 人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古 希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。 3. Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt h uman nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creature s capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and th at the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, ex plore, and enjoy. 人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充足的论据， 来赞美人 性，并开始注意到人类是崇高的生命， 人可以不断发展完善自己， 而且世界是属 于他们的，供他们怀疑，探索以及享受。 4. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists. 托马斯 .摩尔，克利斯朵夫 .马 洛和威廉 .莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。 5. Wyatt introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England. 怀亚特将彼特拉克 的十四行诗引进英国。 6. The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation. 英国文艺复兴初期只是一个学习模仿与同化的阶段。 7. The goals of humanistic poetry are: skillful handling of conventions, fo rce of language, and, above all, the development of a rhetorical plan in which meter, rhyme, scheme, imagery and argument should all be combi ned to frame the emotional theme and throw it into high relief. 人文主义 诗歌的主要目标是对传统习俗的熟练运用， 语言的力度与气概， 而最重要的是发 展了修辞模式，即将格律，韵脚（式），组织结构，意象（比喻，描述）与议论 都结合起来勾画出情感主题，并将其极为鲜明生动的表现出来。 8. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christop her Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and Ben Jonson. 文艺复兴时期英国最 著名的戏剧家有克利斯朵夫 .马洛，威廉 .莎士比亚与本 .约翰逊。 9. Francis Bacon (1561-1626), the first important English essayist. 费兰西 斯 .培根是英国历史上最重要的散文家。 (I)Edmund Spenser 埃德蒙 .斯宾塞 10. th