课文重点词句讲解.docVIP

课文重点词句讲解Unit 5 1.［课本原句］It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. (Page 34) ［名师点拨］advice, 不可数名词建议 advise作及物动词，意为“忠告，劝告；建议”。 (1) advise + noun. / pron. ［例句］ We advise an early start. The doctor advised a soft diet. (2) advise (sb.) on sth.（为某人）出主意，提出建议，提供咨询 ［例句］ We employed an expert to advise on new technology. (3) advise + doing sth. ［例句］ He advised carrying out the experiment as soon as possible. (4) advise + sb. + (not) to do sth. ［例句］ I advised her to wait for a while. My parents often advise me not to waste too much time playing games. ［知识拓展］ advise sb. not to do sth.和advise sb. against doing sth.意思相同，都表示“建议某人不要做某事”。 ［例句］ The teacher advised us not to read carelessly. = The teacher advised us against careless reading. (5) advise + sb. +不定式复合结构（特殊疑问词what等+ to do sth.） ［例句］ She advised us where to eat. Tom advised his friend what to do the next day. (6) advise + that从句 ［例句］ I advised that he (should) go abroad for further study. Sharon advised that I should ask Dr Yang for help. ［知识拓展］ advise后面接的that从句的谓语动词一般由“should +动词原形”构成。有类似用法的动词还有suggest, demand, desire, prefer等。 ［注意］advise的名词形式为advice。它是不可数名词。一般不说an advice, 而说a piece of advice。 ［点击名题］ My father coughed badly. I ______ him to give up smoking, but he would not take my advice. A. advised B. persuaded C. suggested D. ordered Key: A ［解析］advise sb. to do sth.意为“劝说某人做某事”，至于劝说的结果并不知道。而persuade sb. to do sth.却含有“劝而有效”之意。而suggest不能接sb. to do sth.；order不适合语境。 2.［课本原句］(1) This was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. (Page 34) (2) “... we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.” (Page 34) (3) Here are some reasons why I think he should be freed … ［名师点拨］上面三句都是含有定语从句的复合句。 在第(1)句中，关系副词when引导了定语从句；先行词一般是表示时间的名词，如本句中的time。 在第(2)句中，关系副词where引导了定语从句；先行词一般是表示地点的名词，也可以是一个有地点含义的抽象名词，如本句中的stage。 在第(3)句中，关系副词why引导了定语从句，先行词是reason；定语从句中含有插入语I think。 when, where和why本身在定语从句中分别担任时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。总之，关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。 ［例句