It的用法初中版.docVIP

It的用法 知识网络 “it”在中学英语中出现频率高，用法复杂，学生不易掌握，但把它从下面几个方面归纳之后，学起来就比较容易了。。 指代人或事（物） 一般情况下，it指代人以外的事物，指代上文提到过的单数名词，译为“它”。 如：Where is the eraser?Have you seen it? What’s this?It is a car. 有时也可指心目中不太清楚的那个人；指代child，baby等性别不太清楚的名词；指代someone和somebody等代表人的不行代词。 如：Who is that man at the door?It is the postman. The woman will have a baby next month.She hopes it will be a boy. Someone is knocking at the door.Who is it? 指上、下文提到的事情。 如：It will be a pity if you don’t pass the exam.(It指if从句所提到的事) Mary is often late for school.It makes her teacher angry.(it指上文提到的玛丽上学经常迟到这件事) 指时间、天气、气候、距离等，“it”通常不译出来。 如：It is half past eight,and it is time for class. It looks like snow. It is warm in spring. It is five minute’s walk from the school to the bus stop. 用作形式主语，代替不定式、动名词或主语从句等真正主语。真正的主语后置。 如：It is impossible to do morning exercise. =To do morning exercise is important. It is no use/good talking about it with her. =Talking about it with her is no use/good. It is impossible that we can finish the work in a short time. =That we can finish the work in a short time is impossible. 用作形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或宾语从句等真正宾语。真正的宾语后置。 如：He found it difficult to learn English well. =He found to learn English well difficult. I consider it good using the computer. =I consider using the computer good. We feel it strange that nobody wants to go there. =We feel that nobody wants to go there strange. 注意：能用这种结构作宾语的动词常见的有：think,consider,find,feel,make等。 用在特殊句型中。 如：It seems/appears that he has known the result of the exam. 看起来/似乎他已经指导了考试的结果。 It happened that he wasn’t there that day. 碰巧他那天不在那里。 it与one和that的区别。 One表示泛指，it和that表示特指；it与所指的名词为同一个，that与所指的名词为同一类，但不是同一个。 如：I can’t find my pen,I want to buy one.(泛指) I can’t find my pen,I don’t know who took it away.(同一个) The pen you bought is better than that I bought.(同一类) 注意：that可用the one来代替。