ADC选型与基本原理.ppt

ADC selection and Basic principles Basic principles 采样过程是通过模拟电子开关 S实现的。模拟电子开关每隔一定的时间间隔闭合次，当一个连续的模拟信号通这个电子开关时，就会转换若干个离散的脉冲信号。 输入模拟电压 ui CP 取样展宽信号 ui′ S ADC 电子开关S 受CP控制 . . . D n-1 D 1 D 0 ADC的 量化 编码电路 N位数字量 输 出 通过采样脉冲的作用，转换成时间上离散、但幅值上仍连续的离散模拟信号。量化编码就是先将幅值连续可变的采样信号量化成幅值有限的离散信号，再将这 些离散信号用对应量化电平的一组二进制代码表示。 ui Input signal waveform sampling circuit Discrete sampling circuit output waveform t u Sampling Interval Time Sample Holding Time Basic sampled-data systems The figure shows a typical sampled data DSP system block diagram. The actual analog-to-digital conversion, analog signal usually must go through certain types of signal conditioning circuits, these signals to perform as amplification, attenuation, and filtering such functions. Requires low-pass / band pass filter to unwanted signals eliminated from the useful bandwidth, and can prevent the occurrence of aliasing. 1. Sampling and keeping Sampling Theorem (Nyquist‘s Law):a signal with a bandwidth f must be sampled at a rate 2 , or information about the signal will be lost. If the sampling frequency less than twice the bandwidth of the analog signal, aliasing phenomenon appears. usually, =(3~5) Quantization and coding 1. Quantization: Digital signal, not only in time is discrete, but also numerical value of the change is not continuous. That the size of any digital is only a certain specified minimum number of integer units. Therefore, before A / D conversion must also be sampled voltage into the smallest integral multiple of the number of units, the conversion process is known as quantitative. 2. coding: The quantized signal with the corresponding quantization level of a binary code to represent the process called encoding. Quantify the voltage difference between the two is called quantization interval S, the median quantitative voltage more finer quantization level, S values will become. Eg: To 0 ? 1V analog voltage for the three binary encoding. Analog voltage 0V 1/8 V 2/