英汉语言对比笔记.docVIP

英汉对比研究 （连淑能） Contrastive Studies of English and Chinese Chapter 1 综合语与分析语( Syntactic vs. Analytic) 综合语的特征是运用形态变化来表达语法关系。A synthetic language is “characterized by frequent and systematic use of inflected forms to express grammatical relationships”。如拉丁语，德语，古英语。(in word level) 分析语的特征是不用形态变化而用语序及虚词来表达语法关系。An analytic language is “characterized by a relatively frequent use of functional words,auxiliary verbs,and changes in word order to express syntactic relations,rather than of inflected forms”。如汉语。Chinese is an isolating/analytic language. (in sentence level) Modern English is a syntactic-analyt