人教版选修7Unit2动词不定式的被动语态.pptxVIP

Unit 2 Robots —— Grammar动词不定式的被动语态 一、复习各种时态的被动语态★ 被动语态的基本结构: be+ done （以 the book , publish 为例） 一般现在/过去时： The book ____________________. 一般/过去将来时: The book _________________________. The book __________________________. 现在/过去进行时： The book __________________________. 现在/过去完成时: The book ___________________________. 情态动词： The book _______________________________.is/ was publishedwill/would be publishedis/was (going) to be publishedis/was being publishedhas/had been publishedcan/could/may/might…be published二、动词不定式的被动语态 1. 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式： 1）一般式 （not/never ）to be done 2）完成式 （not/ never） to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）2. 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 1) 做主语（常用it做形式主语） To be offered sympathy by a robot is ridiculous. 被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。 2) 做表语 The party is to be held next Saturday evening. 明年, 这种新药将在500个过度肥胖的人上进行试验。It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by ….It is a great honor to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of Asian Games.The new drug is to be tested out on the 500overweight people next year.3) 做宾语 She didn’t like to be treated as a child. He pretended to have been beaten by his step-father. 这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。有些动词，如 want, require, need作“需要”讲时，常接不定式的被动语态或者动名词的主动形式作宾语；例如need doing= need to be donewant doing= want to be doneThe clerk wouldn’t like to be laughed at by her customers4) 做宾语补足语 Tony expected the house to be completely transformed. 这个残疾的孩子期望由这个首席建筑师来设计这座 电影院。The disabled child expected the cinema to be designed by the chief architect.5）做定语The English are proud of the Olympic Games to be held in London.6）做状语 All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas. 他匆忙赶到订票处（booking office）却被告知 所有的票都卖完了。He hurried to the booking office only to be told that all the tickets had been sold out.3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 1) 不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成 逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名 词/代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时, He has nothing to eat. 分析： eat 动→nothing宾 / he 主→eat 谓 I will give you a book to read . 分析： _____ 动→________宾/ _____主→_____谓 这个优雅的女人有事情