被动语态小结及练习(pets).pdfVIP

被动语态小结及练习 （1）英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表 示主语是动作的承受者。 We study English. (主语We 是动作study 的 执行者，是主动语态。） English is studied by us. (主语 English 是动 作 study 的承受者，是被动语态。） （2）被动语态的构成 被动语态由 “be＋p.p. （及物动词的过去分词）” 构成。(谓语必须是及物动词，只有及物动词才有 宾语，有宾语被动语态才有主语。) （3）主动语态变被动语态的方法 ① 把主动语态中的主语变为被动语态 by 的宾语。 ② 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 ③ 把主动语态的谓语按 “be＋p.p.” 结构变成相 应的被动形式。 We study English. English is studied by us. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory. 1 Julia painted a picture. The picture was painted by Julia. （4）被动语态的用法 ① 不知道动作的执行者是谁。 This watch is made in China. 这个表是 中国制造的。 ② 没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 More trees must be planted every year. 每年必须种很多树。 ③ 需要强调或突出动作的承受者。 The window was broken by Mike. 窗户 是迈克打破的。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人说汉语。（强调汉语的 使用广泛） ④ 动作的发出者不是人。 Many houses were washed away in the flood. 在洪水中很多房子被冲走了。 （5）各种时态的被动语态即 “be 的各种时态的被动语 态”。现以 build 为例说明被动语态在各种时态中 2 的构成。 一般现在时：am/is/are ＋p.p. The building is built CBD office. 一般过去时：was/were ＋p.p. The building was built in 2010. 一般将来时： will/shall be＋p.p. am/is/are going to+ be+ p.p. The building will be built next year. The building i