02躯干骨及其连结.pptxVIP

Bone of trunk 躯干骨;躯干骨; 胸 骨Sternum ;Manubrium sterni 胸骨柄: jugular notch 颈静脉切迹, clavicular notch 锁切迹 Body of sternum 胸骨体 Xiphoid process 剑突;★ 3、Sternal angle 胸骨角 the junction of manubrium and body ;;2）胸骨角平对第4胸椎体下缘lies opposite lower border of T4 posteriorly--胸骨角平面 3）抽骨髓部位;柄;柄;2、Characteristics of “typical” rib 1）肋—肋骨、肋软骨 2）肋骨前端—接肋软骨 3）肋骨后端—接椎骨-- costal head 肋头, costal neck肋颈, costal tubercle肋结节 ;肋头;两侧肋角—与椎骨棘突在同一平面; 第一肋Atypical rib;3）体部 —上下扁平—没有 肋沟， tubercle for scalenus anterior前斜角肌结节, sulcus for subclavian artery and vein 锁骨下动、静脉沟 --体部与后端移行处，没有肋角 ;hardworking;颈椎7;椎体;;General features of vertebrae;Regional variations of vertebrae;;钩椎关节 钩椎关节是指第3—7颈椎体钩突和上位椎体相应部位斜坡样的唇缘间的滑膜关节,又称Luschks关节。 钩椎关节的位置，后部邻近脊髓；后外侧部构成椎间孔的前壁，邻接脊神经；外侧为椎动脉、静脉和椎动脉交感丛，紧贴钩突后面有环椎神经和营养椎体的动脉。;Regional variations of vertebrae;Body and spinous process absent， consists of anterior and posterior arches, and two lateral masses Groove for vertebral artery 椎动脉沟;distinguished by dens齿突 which articulates with dental fovea of anterior arch of atlas;Carotid tubercle: 颈动脉结节: anterior tubercle of transverse process of C6;Vertebra prominens 隆椎(C7):contains long and non-bifid spinous process, it is visible with neck flexed, used as clinical landmark in counting cervical and thoracic spinous processes;Thoracic vertebrae ;Lumbar vertebrae ; body foramen Transverse Spinous Articular processes processes processes 椎体 椎孔 横突 棘突 关节突 Cervical small larger short and bifid short and bifid horizontal triangular foramen Thoracic heart-shape smalle