聚合物共混热力学.pptVIP

第二章聚合物－聚合物共混热力学 第一节 聚合物－聚合物体系的相图 一、二元共混体系的相图 二、三元体系的相图 第二节相分离的热力学和临界条件 一、Flory-Huggins 似晶格模型理论 二、聚合物共混体系的相分离热力学和临界条件 第三节 相分离机理及双节线和旋节线 一、相分离机理 二、旋节线和双节线的热力学方程 三、“聚合物A/聚合物B/溶剂S” 三组分体系共混热力学 相分离的实验研究 Prigogine-Flory 状态方程理论 第四节相互作用参数的测定 一、熔点降低法（Melting Point Depression） 二、气相吸附（Vapor Sorption） 三、反相气相色谱法（Inverse-Phase Gas Chromatography） 四、中子散射（Neutron Scattering） 五、小角X光散射（Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering） 六、玻璃化转变温度法 第五节 溶度参数 溶度参数的概念和测定方法： 溶度参数与相互作用参数及相容性： For PS/PVME blends, the values of ?23, which are composition and temperature dependent, are negative in accord with the observed miscibility of this blend. In addition, the temperature dependent of the interaction parameter enabled these authors to predict both the upper and lower cloud at various compositions. Inverse-phase gas chromatography (IPGC) has often been used to investigate interaction between a probe, typically a small volatile molecule, and a liquid immobile phase like a long chain alkane. This method can be extended to investigate probe-polymer interactions, polymer-polymer interactions, as well as plastifier-polymer and plastifier-plastifier interactions. Given an inert carrier gas, a volatile probe (1) present in small concentration as vapor, and a immobile polymer (2) liquid phase coated on an inert solid support, the interaction parameter at infinite dilution between the vapor and the immobile phase is given by the following equation: ?2, V2－the specific volume and molar volume of the polymer； P10－ the vapor pressure of the probe in the column； Vg0，V1－the specific retention volume and molar volume of the probe; B11－the second virial coefficient of the probe in the vapor phase. The above equation also enables calculation of ?13: In a similar fashion, ?1(23), the interaction parameter between the probe and the polymer blend, is given by: w2, w3－the weight fraction of polymer 2 and polymer 3； ?3－the specific vulume of polymer 3. The polymer-polymer inte