Unit 5 First aid 知识讲解 省略（2020年整理）.pdfVIP

学海无涯 省略 编稿：牛新阁 审稿：王春霞 概念引入 省略的使用主要在于避免重复，可以使语言简洁、紧凑、重点突出、表达有力。省略的 原则是不损害结构或引起歧义。所以我们要认真学习有关“省略”的常见规则，以便正确应 用英语，另外，考查省略的题在高考题中也经常出现。 我们先看看这些句子： 1. If (it is) possible, discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations. 2. Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when (the illness or injury is serious and) giving first aid quickly can save lives. 3. These affect both the top (layer of the skin) and the second layer of the skin. 4. Burns are called first (degree burns), second (degree burns) or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned. 5. He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didn’t (want to help the accident victim). 6. To her teacher’s surprise, she did better in her first aid exam than (she was) expected (to do). 括号内为省略部分，把省略部分遮住，再次观察句子，思考： 是不是什么都能省略呢？究竟可以省略那些词句呢？省略有什么规律吗？ 用法讲解 功能词的省略： 1. 冠词的省略 1）两个并列名词都有同一冠词，第二个名词的冠词常可省略。 Is the baby a boy or (a) girl? 这个婴儿是男孩还是女孩？ Both the old and (the) young will enjoy the TV series. 老年人和年轻人都会喜欢这部电视连续剧。 2 ）家庭成员前可以省略其前的冠词或代词等，把该词大写即可。 Dad never scolds me but Mom does. 爸爸从不责骂我，而妈妈却不同。 3 ）表示独一无二的职位，而不是这个职业所具体指的那个人时，常省略冠词。 Henry, head of our team, was determined to give up this game. 我们的队长亨利决定放弃这场比赛。 但是：如果省略了第二个冠词后会误认为一人或一物时，就不可省略。 They are the gardener and the gatekeeper. 他们一个是园丁，一个是门卫。 对比：the gardener and gatekeeper 园丁兼门卫 2. 介词的省略 1）表示一段时间的名词短语中for 多省略，但是否定句中或句首不省略。 I’ve studied Eng1ish (for) five years. 我已学五年英语了。 For a whole year, I was helping my dad on the farm. 整年我都在农场帮我爸爸。 2 ）of 在与age，size，colour, height, shape 等名词连用时，常可省略。 The two pairs of shoes are (of) the same size. 这两双鞋号码一样大。 3 ）near to ，opposite to ，in... way，in ...style，at about ...o’cl