Unit 3 Under the sea知识讲解 被动语态复习2（2020年整理）.pdfVIP

学海无涯 被动语态复习2 编稿：牛新阁 审稿：王春霞 概念引入 上个单元我们学习了有关被动语态的一些知识，着重讲了不定式的被动语态的用法。本 单元我们继续学习不能用于被动语态的词语，然后小结一下动词-ing 形式的被动语态的使 用。 看下面句子： 1. I had already heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting, so even though I didn’t have the right clothes on, I raced after him. 2. As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers. 3. Being badly wounded, the whale soon died. 4. I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 5. A few minutes later, there was no Tom, so George started beating the water with his oar and there was Tom, circling back to the boat, leading us to the hunt again. 这些句子中斜体词部分的动词-ing 形式中，前四个句子里的是被动形式：句1 中作宾语， 句2 中是宾语补足语，句3 中是状语，句4 中是介词宾语。而句5 中beating 作宾语，后两 个作状语。 用法讲解 【高清课堂：复习被动语态(三) 特殊用法】 没有被动语态的词语 一个句子怎样变被动语态呢？就是把主谓宾的句子的宾语变成主语，就用被动语态了。 但是如果句子的谓语是不及物动词，后面没有宾语，当然也不能变成被动语态了。 I. 不及物动词/词组 take place ，happen ，come about (发生) ；break out (爆发) ，appear (出现) ，disappear (消失) ， break down (出故障), come out (出来，出版), run out (用光), give out (用光), last (持续) ，arise (引起) 等。 1. A fire broke out during the night. 晚上发生了大火。 2. Use this money when the need arises. 有需要时就用这个钱。 3. The gas has run out. 煤气用光了。 4. The book will come out in two weeks. 书两周后出版。 II. 表示主语的某种属性 常见如下词汇sell, read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear 等。 这些词可以是及物动词，如sell，我们可以说“I sell the book.”\ “The book is sold...” ，但 有时句子不出现动作的发出者，也不强调是谁做的这件事，而仅仅是某种情况，如下面各句 中动词后都接了一个描述动作的副词well ，quickly 等，都是对某事物的评判，这时也不用 被动语态。 1. The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。 2. The book sells quickly. 这书销售得快。 3. This shirt will wear very long. 这衬衫可以穿很久。 注：该用法通常与well, easily, slowly, quickly 等副词连用。也可用于进行时态 。 Is the book selling well? 这书销售情况如何? III. 系动词 如：look, sound, taste, smell, feel （表感官的系动词）；remain, keep, stay （表状态的系动词）；