自动控制专业英语 Unit Four Electrical Appliances Electronic Devices.pptVIP

When liquid（液体）alcohol turns into vapor（气体 =gas）, it takes away the heat from the skin on that part of your arm. The heat leaving your skin is called vaporization heat（汽化热）. Why do we need refrigerators? The reason is that we can keep food cold and help food stay fresh longer. In fact, the basic idea behind refrigeration（冷藏）is to slow down the activity of bacteria（细菌）so that it takes longer for the bacteria to spoil（破坏）the food. How does a refrigerator work? The main way a refrigerator cools down is using vaporization heat to steal heat away from food and then taking it outside. The refrigerant（制冷剂）is a liquid that evaporates inside the refrigerator to create the cold temperatures. It functions in a refrigerator the way alcohol works on your skin and it changes back and forth（反复）from a liquid to a gas. Here are the major components of a refrigerator and their functions: 1. Compressor（压缩机）: The“heart”of a refrigerator.It increases the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant gas and then passes the superheated vapor along to the condenser. 2. Condenser（冷却器）: Takes the heat away from the refrigerator. The hot refrigerant vapor enters the condenser where it is cooled down. 3. Evaporator（蒸发器）: Takes the pressure away to turn liquid back into gas.Here the liquid refrigerant takes in heat until it evaporates again into a vapor. The compressor then sucks（吸入）the vapor out of the evaporator and the refrigeration cycle repeats itself. Besides the three major components, the expansion valve（膨胀阀） is also very important. The liquid refrigerant passes through it as the temperature and pressure slowly drop and about half of liquid refrigerant may evaporate here. This process allows the refrigerant to absorb heat, thus decreasing the internal temperature of the refrigerator. Now let’s try to figure out how refrigerators exchange vaporization heat. When the gas is squeezed (or compressed), it turns into a liquid. When it is release