基于单片机的智能循迹小车设计.docVIP

基于单片机的智能循迹小车设计 摘 要 随着智能化技术的飞速发展，对于该技术的研究也越来越受研究者的关注。近年来国内外的教育部门都在组织有关智能化技术的比拼赛，由此证明智能化技术是时代发张的必经之路也只至关重要的。智能小车在这方面有很大的探索意义和代表性。 本设计的主要控制功能用STC-80C51单片机来实现的。大概实现的实物操作过程是，第一步是用手按下单片机上电按键，第二步按下电机驱动模块的上电按键。智能小车会按提前划定好4cm的黑线车道行驶并在显示屏上显示智能小车实时速度、智能小车行实时驶路程和智能小车行驶实时时间。应用的原理和技术是智能小车的STC-80C51单片机控制车轴上的电机调速按行车黑线轨道向前行驶，安装在小车最前沿车盘地下的四个感器开始检测4cm的黑线道，循迹模块的探头不断扫瞄检测循迹，此时时钟模块开始计时并且将行驶时间、路程和速度显示在LCD1602液晶屏上。本设计采用了双极式脉宽调制技术来控制智能小车的行驶车速。采用LCD1602液晶屏显示行驶时间、里程和速度。本设计着重介绍了基于单片机的智能循迹小车的硬件设计方法以及应用到的技术与原理。还有实物调试、硬件测试和所遇到的问题分析解决过程。 关键词： STC-80C51单片机；智能小车；红外光电检测器；测速技术 Abstract With the rapid development of intelligent technology, the research of the technology is becoming more and more concerned by the researchers. Education departments in organizations at home and abroad in recent years intelligent technology contest, proving intelligent technology when issuing a path is only vital. Smart cars have a lot of exploration and representation in this area. The main control functions of this design are implemented using stc-80c51 singlechip. The first step is to press the electric key on a single chip, and the second step presses the electrical key on the motor drive module. Car smart cars will be defined in advance good black line lane and displayed on the display real-time intelligent vehicle speed, real time intelligent car driving distance and intelligent car driving time. Principle and technology of functionality: on STC - 80 c51 single chip microcomputer control motor speed according to driving the black orbit along, installed in the car head car plate at the bottom of the two groups of four infrared electric sensor starting test black line, continuous tracking tracking module, timing starts when the clock module and the driving time, distance and speed in the LCD1602 LCD display. This design adopts bipolar pulse width modulation technology to control the speed of a smart car. Use LCD1602 LCD to display the driving time, mileage and speed. This design focuses on the hardware design method of