科技英语写作unit 6.ppt

Unit 6 Textual Development ;Topical Highlights: ;3. Reasoning (Persuasion) 4. Special Attention: sentence structure (2) -- short form sentences led byas; present, past and present perfect tenses, passive voice, subjunctive mood, etc. ;No professional paper is purely theoretical or experimental. In fact, there is no clear demarcation(distinction) between the two types of research papers. However, there do exist different emphases and distinctive features in papers of theoretical nature and these of experimental nature. In this unit and the unit that follows, the two different types of papers will be discussed separately. ;1. Description ;Of course, objectivity is an ideal that scientists, engineers or technologists aim at but never achieve fully. Anyhow, they have to select desirable details and eliminate others, though they can hardly be completely objective. ;In the following passage, N. M. Pearsall et al. have given an objective description of UK and US city centers in terms of the factors of most influence on the potential generation of electricity by photo voltaic modules installed on building roofs or walls. The passage reads (Page 76);From the above excerpt, it can be seen that the authors describe the two sites objectively by comparing them from their general climatic, geographical, and locational features to the height of buildings and their wall and roof styles and the suns directions at any given time. The authors also give an analysis of the influence of climate, latitude, road layout and the building types on the total solar input and on the optimum surface orientation. Such a kind of objective description is typical for professional research papers. ;2) Subjective Description ;This is shown in the passage from James O. Berger Donald A Berrys article Statistical Analysis and the Illusions of Objectivity: (Page 78);The above passage can be used as an example to show the authors attitude towards subjective analysis of statistica