公共服务的概念研究及相关概念辨析.docVIP

公共服务的概念研究及相关概念辨析 杨颖1 （中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所，北京，100190） 摘要 近年来，随着有关公共服务的研究成为国内学者和社会关注的热点，出现了一些与之相似的概念， 其中最接近的是“公共物品”和“社会事业”。这三个术语在各种学术文献和政府文本中被广泛应用，交叉 和混淆现象严重，严重影响了研究的准确性。本文对国内外学界关于公共服务概念的各种观点进行了梳理， 并分析了三者之间的区别和联系，得出如下结论：（1）公共服务、公共物品和社会事业是三个有密切联系 但不完全等同的概念。（2）公共服务和社会事业定义的角度不同，且社会事业比公共服务更为宽泛；但随 着我国事业单位改革的不断深化，二者的内涵和外延已极为接近甚至重合。（3）公共服务和社会事业均比 公共物品的范围要大，它们既包括公共物品，也包括非公共物品；公共物品更多地是一个经济学概念，而 公共服务和社会事业还含有公平正义等价值取向。在今后的研究中，应根据研究的对象和内容选择最恰当 的概念。 关键词：公共服务；公共物品；社会事业；概念研究 Research on the Concept of Public Service and the Related Concepts YANG Ying (Institute of Policy and Management, CAS, Beijing 100190, China) Abstract In recent years, as the research on pubic service becomes the focus of researchers and the society, there come out some similar concepts, of which the closest are public goods and social work. These three terms are widely used in varieties of academic literatures and government documents, often overlapping and confusing, which seriously impair the accuracy of the research. This paper puts the various points of the concept of pubic service both at home and abroad in order and analyses the differences and connections between the three and concludes as follows: (1) Public service, public goods and social work are three closely linked but not exactly the some concepts. (2) Public service and social word are defined from different points of view and social work is broader than public service. But with Chinas further reform of public institutions, both the connotation and extension of the two terms have been very close or even coincident. (3) Both public service and social work are broader than public goods, as they include both public goods and non-public goods. Public goods is an economic concept, while public service and social work also contain the value orientation of fair and justice. In future studies, we should choose the most appropriate concept according to the object and contents. 1杨颖（1983-），女，河南人，博士研究生，研究方向为公共服务，科技政策。 1 Key words: public service; public goods;