形容词和副词(同名3644).docVIP

形容词和副词 形容词＋ly变副词的规则 A.一般直接加ly slow-slowly quick-quickly certain-certainly usual-usually B.以-1结尾的，仍加一ly gradual-gradually real-really hopeful-hopefully especial-especially C.以-le结尾的，去e加y possible-possibly probable-probably simple-simply gentle-gently D.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ly happy-happily angry-angrily (但是shy一shyly) E.以元音字母+e结尾的，去e加ly true-truly 练习：写出下列形容词的副词形式 clear extreme strong kindshy exact free latecalm polite recent normalusual careful wonderful special beautiful possible probable simpleterrible happy angry easy true casual cheerful mental 根据句子成分选用形容词和副词 常见使用形容词的情况：作表语、定语、补语。 He is a careful boy.（作定语，用形容词）He is careful.（作表语，用形容词）You must keep your eyes closed. （作宾补，用形容词）。 常用副词的情况：修饰动词、形容词、副词和整个句子。 He writes carefully. He walks slowly.(认真地写，慢慢地走，修饰动词用副词) He is probably at home. 他很有可能在家里。This material is environmentally friendly.（修饰形容词） He runs very slowly.（修饰副词slowly, 因此very是副词） Unfortunately, he lost all of his money. （修饰整个句子） 可简单归结为：形修名，表补定；副做状，修“副句形动”(可谐音记为“付诸行动”)。 形容词副词的比较级 一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est；（1）单音节词如：small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest?　　tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest（2）双音节词如：clever→cleverer→cleverest 以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st；如：large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest 3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest 4.以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest?　　busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest　5．其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most；如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful　　different→more different→most different?　　easily→more easily→most easily注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用.例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.?（2） 形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示非常.?　　It is a most important problem.?　　=It is a very important problem.?6．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,