人教课标高二选修unitgrammar.pptxVIP

不定式由“to + do (动词原形)”构成, 其否定形式是“not to do”, 不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语, 在句子中作 ______, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____ 或 _________。不定式没有人称和数的变化, 但有 _____ 和 _____ 的变化。;不定式有时态和语态的变化，时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态，如下表所示。;;当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表示的动作的执行者时用 _____ 语态；当动词不定式的逻辑主语是动词不定式所表示的动作的承受者时用 _____语态。进行式和完成进行式没有被动语态。;不定式的被动形式有下列用法:;(2) 作宾语 She asked to be sent to work in Hong Kong.;(3) 构成复合宾语(宾补) He wanted the letter to be typed at once. She didn’t like herself to be praised like that. (4) 构成复合谓语 The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room.;(5) 作定语 Are you going to the meeting to be held next week? (6) 作状语 She was too young to be assigned such work.;It is a good thing for him to have been criticized. She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. ;He thought it is an honour to have been invited to the party. The book is said to have been translated into many languages. (complex predicate) She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. ;1. 在 there be 结构中。 There is a lot of homework to do.;2. 在“… be + adj + to do”结构中。常用 的形容词有easy, difficult, hard, impossible, nice, pleasant, light, heavy, interesting, important, expensive, cheap, fit, dangerous等。;3. 在“too … to …; enough … to …”结构中。 The problem is too difficult to work out. The house is big enough to live in.;5. 当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。 I have a letter to type today. Do you have anything to say?;1. The dishes need ____________.; 2. The mail is intended __________.; 1. She hates _______________ (laugh at) by her classmates. 2. Tim refused ____________________ (accompany) by his father to school. 3. She struggled ___________________ (understand) by the French visitors. ;4. These are the issues ______________ (discuss) tomorrow. 5. The new drug is ___________ (test) out on 500 patients next year. 6. She was very beautiful but she didn’t like ___________ (envy) by all the girls she met. ;我们不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁的时候, 或强调动作的承受者时。