非常规减排：二氧化碳减排是欧盟气候政策中的新方法（英文）.pdf

SWP Research Paper Oliver Geden and Felix Schenuit Unconventional Mitigation Carbon Dioxide Removal as a New Approach in EU Climate Policy Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs SWP Research Paper 8 June 2020 , Berlin Abstract ∎ If the EU wants to achieve net zero emissions by 2050, enacting conventional climate change mitigation measures to avoid emissions of greenhouse gases will not be enough. To compensate for unavoidable residual emis- sions, unconventional measures to remove CO2 from the atmosphere will also be necessary – for example, through afforestation or the direct cap- ture of CO2 from ambient air. ∎ Not all member states and economic sectors will have achieved green- house gas neutrality by 2050; some will already need to be below zero by then. The option of CO2 removal from the atmosphere will allow greater flexibility in climate policy, but will also raise new distributional issues. ∎ Avoiding greenhouse gas emissions should be given political priority over the subsequent removal of CO . Net zero targets should be explicitly divided 2 into emission reduction targets and removal targets, instead of simply off- setting the effects of both approaches. ∎ The future development of an EU CO2 removal policy should be structured by adequate policy design. Whether the EU chooses a proactive or cautious entry pathway in the medium term will depend not le