英美概况期末考试答案.pdf

精品文档 American Beginnings 1. What were the new and powerful social forces which led to the awakening of Europe and the discovery of America? P34 The first force was the development of capitalism. The growth of capitalism produced two new classes-the bourgeoisie [ ?b?r ?wɑ?zi ?]and the working class with the development of commerce and trade, the bourgeoisie become increasingly powerful in politics as well as in economy, so they wanted to share more power with feudal lords. The second force was the Renaissance [ren ?sɑ?ns], which was marked by a changing outlook on life. The third force was the Religious Reformation, a religious force movement that started from Germany. 2. What was the unique American phenomenon?Howdid it come into being? Doyou think it still exists in today ’s American society? P36 The enactment [ ?n ? ktm?nt of laws for the colony and the enslavement of Africans combined constituted a unique American phenomenon.. on the one hand, the English and other Europeans went to North America for seeking freedom. Onthe other hand, these very white 。 1欢迎下载 精品文档 people who were seeking and fighting for their own freedom deprived black Africans of their freedom. OnJuly 30, 1619, the first meeting of an elected legislature, a representative assembly, was held in Virginia. A month later, still in Virginia, a Dutch ship brought in over 20 Negroes as servants for a term of years to make a start toward the enslavement of Africans within what was to be the American republic. This phenomenonstill exists in today