现在完成时与过去完成时的用法区分.pptVIP

现在完成时 1.现在完成时的构成:助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词 注:has用于第三人称单数,have用于其他所有人称 2.现在完成时的用法: (1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成 的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just, already, before,yet, never,ever等状语连用。例如: O I have never heard of that before. 2 Have you ever ridden a horse? 3 She has already finished the work. (4 Have you milked the cow vet? Yes, i have done that already Ive just lost my science book. 有的没有的闻状语:多是一般疑句包 (2)现在完成时表示过去已经开始,持续到现在,也许还会持续下 去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括现 在在内)的一段时间的状语连用。如:for和 since,以及 so far, by/until now, today, this week(month, year), in /over/for the past few 等。 I havent seen her these days @2 She has learnt English for 3 years. 3 They have lived here since 1990 4 What has happened to the USA in the last 350 vears? 注意:表示短暂时间动作的词,如come,go,die,mary,buy等的完 成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的短语连用。 般过去时与现在完成时之比较 1)过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强 调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响, 强调的是影响 2)过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊 的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。 ◎一般过去时的时间状语有: yesterday, last week,…ago,in1980, in October, just now,具体的时间状语。 ◎共同的时间状语有: this morning, tonight, this April,now,once before, already, recently, lately.,for+一段时间等。 ◎现在完成时的时间状语有:for, since, so far,ever, never,just,yet, ti/ untill, up to now, in past years, several times,等不确定的时间状 语 eg: 1. I have learnt English for three years. 2. I learnt English for three years. 3. I have written two letters this morning I wrote two letters this morning (live)in London for many years, but Ive never regretted my decision to move back to China 2. i know a little bit about italy as my wife and i (go) there several years ago (see)that film before. Its about a soldier in World War I 4. With the rapid growth of population, the city (spread)in all directions in the past five years (stay)at home and (start) working in a restaurant eleven months ago 6. Judy is going to marry the sailor she ( meet)in Rome last year