第三章 无线电波传播 小尺度衰落及多径传播4.ppt

Chapter 4 Small Scale Fading & Multipath(2) Li Yicai Chongqing Jiaotong University School of Computer and Information Dept. Communication Engineering 移 动 通 信 原 理 与 应 用 重庆交通大学计算机与信息学院通信工程系 4.5 Types of Small-Scale Fading ? Multipath delay spread leads to time dispersion and frequency selective fading. ? Doppler spread leads to frequency dispersion and time selective fading. ? Multipath delay spread and Doppler spread are independent of one another. 移 动 通 信 原 理 与 应 用 重庆交通大学计算机与信息学院通信工程系 4.5 Types of Small-Scale Fading 移 动 通 信 原 理 与 应 用 重庆交通大学计算机与信息学院通信工程系 4.5.1 Flat fading ? If the channel has a constant gain and linear phase response over a bandwidth which is greater than the bandwidth of the transmitted signal, the received signal will undergo flat fading . ? The received signal strength changes with time due to fluctuations in the gain for the channel caused by multipath. ? The received signal varies in gain but the spectrum of the transmission is preserved. 移 动 通 信 原 理 与 应 用 重庆交通大学计算机与信息学院通信工程系 4.5.1 Flat fading 移 动 通 信 原 理 与 应 用 重庆交通大学计算机与信息学院通信工程系 4.5.1 Flat fading ? Flat fading channel is also called amplitude varying channel. ? Also called narrow band channel: bandwidth of the applied signal is narrow as compared to the channel bandwidth. ? Time varying statistics: Rayleigh flat fading 移 动 通 信 原 理 与 应 用 重庆交通大学计算机与信息学院通信工程系 4.5.1 Flat fading 移 动 通 信 原 理 与 应 用 重庆交通大学计算机与信息学院通信工程系 4.5.2 Frequency Selective Fading ? If the channel possesses a constant-gain and linear phase response over a bandwidth that is smaller than the bandwidth of transmitted signal, then the channel creates frequency selective fading. 移 动 通 信 原 理 与 应 用 重庆交通大学计算机与信息学院通信工程系 4.5.2 Frequency Selective Fading ? Frequency selective fading is due to time dispersion of the transmitted symbols within the channel--- ? induces intersymbol interference(ISI) ? Frequency selective fading channels are much more difficult to model