[英语学习]英语专四词汇及语法整理后.doc

高校英语专业四级考试·词汇语法详细解答 Test One 集体名词作主语主谓一致 1)通常作复数的集体名词 集体名词，如：police, people,cattle,militia,poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides. 2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词 有些集体名词，如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：All the machinery in the factory is made in China. 3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词 集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。The city council is meeting to set its agenda. 4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词 如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如： A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter. 近义词辨析 tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, wornout 这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。 tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。 Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。 exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。 The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。 fatigued所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。 He felt fatigued and didn’t want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。 weary语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。 After a long and weary wait, the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。 wornout这个词不太正式，多用于口语。 The troops were wornout after winning the battle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。 全真模拟试题 1. Although ____ Spanish, he attended the course. A. he was knowing B. he is knowingC. having a knowledge of D. knows 2. You ____that letter to James. However, you didn’t. A. ought to write B. ought to have writtenC. should write D. should be writing 3. Joseph was very lucky ____ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room. A. to escape B. to have escapedC. to escaping D. to be escaping 4. Bread and butter ____liked by Westerners. A. is B. are C. were D. be 5. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ____ very pleasant to sit on in summer. A. which is B. which it is C. it is D. where it is 6. He set up in business ____ his own a