中国文化英语复习资料.pdf

中国文化三个特点 The characteristics of Chinese culture1.Chinese culture regards human life as part of nature and ,as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.The fundamental significance of civilization lies in the creation of a peaceful world, which also requires avoiding conflict between humans and nature.Instead of dictating to nature, people should hold nature in aweand gratitude.2Chinese culture emphasizes harmonious human relationships.An individual cannot live without community and society.Chinese culture strives to build a world of harmony based on friendship between individuals, mutual assistance between families, and respect between nations.3.Chinese thinking stresses self-reflection. People should not only understand the external world, but also and more importantly, improve their internal state of mind. 孔子 Confucius(551-479 BC), known as Kongzi, given name Qiu and alias Zhongni,lived in the state of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period.He was a great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism.Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people. His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects. “天/ 自然”Confucius on Heaven/Nature: the Source of EverythingConfucius regarded “Heaven” as nature. Heaven does not speak in words. It speaks through the rotation of the four seasons and the growth of all living things.Heaven equaled nature, nature was not a lifeless mechanism separate from humans, it was the great world of life and the process of creation of life. Human life was part and parcel of nature as a whole 创造生命 Equation of Heaven with the creation of life .The natural process of life creation was the