材料科学与工程基础1.pptxVIP

Fundamentals of materials science and engineeringChapter 1 Introduction to Materials Science and EngineeringHave You Ever Wondered?What do materials scientists and engineers study?How sheet steel can be processed to produce a high-strength，lightweight，energy absorbing，malleable（可塑的，可锻的） material used in the manufacture of car chassis（底盘）?Can we make flexible and lightweight electronic circuits using plastics?What is a “smart material”?outlineWhat is Materials Science and Engineering?Classification of MaterialsEnvironmental and Other EffectsMaterials Design and Selection1-1 What is Materials Science and Engineering?1. Definition Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) is an interdisciplinary field concerned with inventing new materials and improving previously known materials by developing a deeper understanding of the microstructure-composition-synthesis-processing relationship.▲The term Composition Means the chemical make-up of a material▲StructureA description of the arrangement of atoms ,as seen at different levels of detail.▲SynthesisRefers to how materials are made from naturally occuring or man-made chemicals.▲ProcessingMeans how materials are shaped into useful components to cause changes in the properties of different materials.Composition;Strength;Weight;Energy absorption properties;Malleability (formability)Strength-to-weight ratio is the strength of a material divided by its density; materials with a high strength-to-weight ratio are strong but lightweight.Figure Application of the tetrahedron of materials science and engineering to sheet steels for automotive chassis. Note that the microstructure-synthesis and processing-composition are all interconnected and affect the performance-to-cost ratio结实的；耐用的；坚固的 [r?u′b?st] Figure Application of the tetrahedron of materials science and engineering to semiconducting polymers for microelectronics. Tetrahedron of MSE What is the current carrying capacity? What is the cast of cooling and fabrication?Perform