土力学 (2)材料力学.pdf

Soil Mechanics Chapter 1: Basic characteristics and engineering classification of soils Prof LIAO Hong-Jian Department of Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiao-tong University Soil Mechanics Outline of Chapter 1  Introduction  Soil generation  Soil composition and phase relationships  Particle size analysis  Density properties for granular soils  Plasticity properties of soils  Soil compaction  Engineering classification of soils Soil Mechanics-chapter1 Introduction What is Soil Mechanics?  Soil mechanics may be defined as the study of the engineering behaviour of soils, with reference to the design of civil engineering structures made from or in the earth. Examples of these structures include embankments and cuttings, dams, earth retaining wall, tunnels, basements, sub-surface waste repositories, and the foundations of buildings and bridges. Soil Mechanics-chapter1 Examples Geotechnical structures Soil Mechanics-chapter1 Soil Generation Introduction • Rock can be defined as a natural aggregate of minerals that are connected by strong bonding or attractive forces; for this reason, rock is often considered as a consolidated material. • Soil may be defined as the unconsolidated sediments and deposits of solid particles that have resulted from the disintegration of rock. • The earth’s crust is composed of soil and rock. Soil Mechanics-chapter1 Rock: The sou