材料导论 (39)材料导论.pdf

Video 9: Additives Today, let’s talk about the applications of additives Additives are external substances purposely added to polymers or resins. Why do we want to use additives in polymers or resins? What are the roles or functions of additives played? What kind of additives are required under specific service conditions? 今天，讲添加剂及其应用。 添加剂指聚合物或树脂中刻意加入的外来物质。 为什么要使用添加剂？添加剂的功用是什么？特定使用条件下使用什么样的添加剂呢？ For example, for seats with different colors in a football stadium, or for flexible PVC gloves, do you know what kind of additives are needed? 例如：足球场中有不同颜色的座椅，PVC 手套很柔软，那么，这些材料中都需要什么 添加剂呢？有缘学习更多驾卫星ygd3076 To answer these questions, first, let’s find out what common additives and their functions are. Typically, additives include fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers, flame retardants, colorants and others. Usually, colorants are used to provide or give specific colors to polymers. Here, we ’ll talk a little bit more about fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers and flame retardants. 要回答这些问题，首先，让我们看看通常使用的添加剂和它们的作用。 通常，添加剂包括：填料、增塑剂、稳定剂、阻燃剂、着色剂等。 着色剂通常用来添色，接下来我们较为详细地讲讲填料、增塑剂、稳定剂和阻燃剂 Fillers are most often added to improve tensile strength, compressive strength, abrasion resistance, toughness, dimensional and thermal stability, and other properties of polymers. Materials used as fillers include wood flour, glass, clay, calcium carbonate, carbon black and so on. Often the fillers are inexpensive materials. So, we can use these cheap materials to replace some volume of the more expensive polymer, reducing the cost of the final product. 填料常用来提高聚合物的拉伸强度、压缩强度、耐磨性、韧性、热和尺寸稳定性，以及 其他的性能，常用的填料包括木粉、玻璃、粘土、碳酸钙、炭黑等。 常用填料都很便宜，因此，可用这些廉价填料一定程度上替代昂贵聚合物材料，由此降 低最终制品成本。 The second additive we’ ll talk about is Plasticizers. With the aid of plasticizers, the flexibility, ductility, and toughness of polymers can be improved. This is the goo