第六讲 语言学习的间接策略.pptVIP

Activity2: Getting the message This exercise helps students practice a variety of strategies for understanding an oral message. Pay attention to the way you receive message. Brainstorm the strategies you used to understand the message. Activity3: Play twenty questions Think of an expression in your mind. And people can ask 20 questions to reveal the answer. A lot of clues can be used to guess to get the answer. Questions can only be answered with Yes and No. Activity 4: ask questions Observing your own behavior in your native language. Do you ask questions for clarification, verification or correction in your own native language? If so, under what circumstances, and with whom? What questions do you often use to achieve that? What would happen to you if you are talking with a native speaker of a language that is not your own? * 第六讲 语言学习间接策略 Indirect strategies for general management of learning They know enough who know how to learn Henry Adams Preview Questions What are direct strategies? How do they differ from direct strategies? Why are indirect strategies important for language learning? What the are three groups of direct strategies? Oxford 外语学习策略 Oxford (1990) 的分类：直接策略、间接策略 直接策略（direct strategies） 记忆策略（memory strategies）(包括建立联系网络、运用形和声音、认真复习、运用动作) 认知策略（cognitive strategies）（包括练习、接受和传送信息、分析和推理、为输入输出信息建立规则。） 补偿策略（compensation strategies）（包括猜测、克服说写中语言知识的不足） 间接策略（indirect strategies） 元认知策略（meta-cognitive strategies）（包括建立学习重点、安排和计划学习、评价学习） 情感策略（affective strategies）（包括降低焦虑程度、鼓励自己、了解自己的情感状态） 社交策略（social strategies）（包括询问问题、和别人合作、同情别人） Indirect strategies Indirect strategies Indirect strategies Introduction to direct strategies Language learning strategies are called indirect strategies because they support and manage language learning without directly involving the target language. Meta-cognitive strategies: allow learners to control their own cognition—that is, to coordinate the learning process by using functions such as centering, arranging, planning