纤维素降解菌的分离酶活研究.docVIP

东北农业大学学士学位论文 学号：纤维素降解菌的分离及酶活研究 学生姓名：王兵 指导教师：黄晓梅 所在院系：资源与环境学院 所学专业：应用生物科学 研究方向：微生物 东 北 农 业 大 学 中国·哈尔滨 2013年5月 Bachelors Degree Thesis of Northeast Agricultural University Student Number: Separating on the Cellulose-decomposing Bacteria and Study on Its Enzyme Activity Student: Wang Bing Instructor: Huang Xiaomei College: Resources Environment College Specialty: Applied biological Science Research Direction: Microorganism Northeast Agricultural University China · Harbin 2013-5 摘 要 纤维素是自然界中最丰富的碳水化合物，其含量超过其他碳水化合物的总和，是尚未得到充分利用的一类可再生的重要资源和能源，同时也是数量最大的一类环境污染物，是造纸废水的COD和SS的主要来源之一。纤维素作为一种可持续能源物质，其开发已引起人们极大的重视。分解纤维素并将其转化为动物易吸收或利用的能源、食物、饲料或化工原料，是纤维素合理利用的重要途径。因此筛选纤维素降解菌并测定其酶活具有重要的意义。 本实验是从不同环境的土壤中取样，先经过富集培养，再用纤维素选择琼脂培养基分离菌种，经过刚果红染色初步确认其分解纤维素的能力。然后从两种不同的土壤样品所分离的菌株中各取一株降解纤维素的菌株。将株菌接入滤纸崩解培养基中，观察滤纸降解情况及溃烂速度，比较各株纤维素降解菌降解纤维素的能力。再将菌株分别制成菌悬液，再接种于液体摇瓶培养基中，取样测定CMC酶活性。实验结果表明：实验所取的不同环境的土壤中都存在纤维素降解菌，进而以刚果红平板水解圈的大小、CMC酶活性和滤纸溃烂程度三个指标判断，从长春取回的土样中分离的菌株降解纤维素能力较强。 关键词：纤维素降解菌；刚果红染色；CMC酶活； Abstract Cellulose, the most abundant carbohydrate in nature, has proportion that is more than the sum of other carbohydrates.and it is a kind of important renewable resources and energy which has not been making full use of. It is also the largest class of environmental pollutants and one of the main sources of COD and SS in papermaking waste-water. Cellulose, as a kind of sustainable energy material, its development has aroused great attention. Transform decomposed cellulose into animals’ easily absorbed or used energy, food, feed or chemical raw materials, is an important way of promoting the rational utilization of cellulose. Therefore screening of cellulose-decomposing bacteria and measuring its enzyme activity has the vital significance. This study was designed to sample from soil under different environment, separated the strain by cellulose agar selection medium ,preliminary confirmed its ability to decompose cellulose