土木工程专业英语完整版本.pptVIP

Chapter 1 Civil Engineering Section A Introduction of Civil Engineering Contents One of the oldest major is civil engineering 最老的专业之一是土木工程 Civil engineering is that branch of engineering which aim provide a comfortable and safe living for the people shelle s to 土木工程是工程的一个分支,它的目的是为人类的住处提供一个 舒适而安全的生活 The engineering marvels of the world, starting from the pyramids to today s shell structure, are the results of the development in civil engineering 世界上的工程奇迹,从金字塔到当今的壳结构都是土木工程发展 的结果。 Contents Shelters, apart from just being shelters, have been constructed by civil engineers to provide a peaceful and comfortable life 除了仅仅作为住处之外,由土木工程师建造的住处提供了一个和 平而舒适的生活。 Since then the term civil engineer has often been to refer to engineers who build public facilities, although the field is much broader 从那时起,土木工程师这个词用来指建设公共设施的工程师,尽 管这一领域非常广阔 Contents The scope of civil engineering is broad, depending on the type of the project and the skills needed 土木工程的范围很广,这取决于项目的类型及所需的技术 Structural engineering is the most important specialization, it includes: positioning and arranging the various parts of the structure into a definite form to achieve best utilization determining the forces that a structure must resist, its own weight, wind and hurricane forces, and temperature change that expand or contract construction materials, and earthquake 结构工程是最重要的一个专业,它包括:将结构的不同部分进行 定位和布置,从而形成一个确定的形式以获得最好的利用;确定结 构必须抵抗的力,结构的自重,风和飓风,使施工材料产生的膨胀 和收缩的温度变化,以及地震力。 Contents They also determine the combination appropriate materials steel, concrete, plastic, stone, asphalt, brick, aluminum, or other construction materials 他们还要确定合适的材料组合,包括钢材、混凝土、塑料、石头、 沥青、砖、铝及其它建筑材 Most structural engineer work for apartment or public construction and factory constructions 大多数结构工程师从事公寓建筑、公共建筑和厂房建筑工作。 Contents Civil engineers who specialize in geotechnical engineering deal with the following aspects the properties of soils and rocks as materials that support the structure; the various types of foundation for a structure; settlements